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General Information
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| NIKANOL is the trade name for xylene-formaldehyde resins (straight type) and mesitylene-formaldehyde resins (straight type) and resins obtained by reaction of the straight type resins with other compunds such as phenol (modified type).
Xylene-formaldehyde oligomers and mesitylene-formaldehyde oligomers are named straight type resins. Resins obtained by reaction of the straight type resins with other compounds such as phenol are named modified type resins. |
Features of NIKANOL
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Straight type:
Straight type resins are liquid and offer comparatively easy handling. They are compatible with various synthetic and natural resins and are capable of improving various properties of these resins as follows.
Improved features:
- Tackiness. Initial adhesion. Stickiness
- Water, Moisture and Alkalai resistance
- Electrical resistance. Electrical constant
NIKANOL is used for compatible agent over two synthetic and natural resins.
NIKANOL is dispersed in water by emulsifier.
NIKANOL is used for non reactive oligomers and reactive oligomers.
Modified type:
Modified type resins are capable of improving properties more than straight type resins because they are obtained by reaction with other compounds such as phenols, carboxylic acids, alcohols etc.
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Application and additional features of NIKANOL
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Application of Straight type
| Grade |
Y-50 |
Y-
1000 |
LLL |
LL |
L |
H-80 |
H |
HH |
G |
M |
| Application |
Epoxy
Resin |
Ambient
cure type |
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Heat
cure type |
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Acrylic resin
pressure sensitive
adhesive |
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Urethane resin
adhesive |
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Rubber pressure
sensitive adhesive
Rubber adhesive |
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Unsaturated
polyester
resin |
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Phenol
resin |
Paper-
laminated
circuit |
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Binder for
friction
material |
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Most optimum grade |
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Optimun grade |
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Additional features of straight type
| Epoxy resin |
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Ambient cure type paint |
: corrosive resistance, adhesion, leveling |
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Heat cure type paint |
: adhesion, leveling |
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Ambient cure adhesion |
: moisture and alkali resistance. Initial tackiness, damping |
| Acrylic resin |
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Pressure sensitive adhesive |
: tackiness |
| Urethane resin |
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Ambient cure type adhesive |
: initial adhesion, teckiness |
| Rubber |
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Adehesive |
: tackiness |
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Pressure sensitive adhesive |
: tackiness |
| Unsaturated polyester resins |
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Potting |
: flexibility, adhesion, damping |
| Phenol resin |
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Paper laminated circuit |
: heat resistance, preventing warpage, electrical insulation, moisture resistance |
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Binder for friction material |
: heat resistance |
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Application of modified type
| Grade |
Application |
Alkyl phenol modified type
(HP series) |
- Metallic color ink
- Paint
- Tackifier to urethane adhesion
- Tackifier to acrylic pressure sensitive adhesion
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Novolak type
(NP • P series) |
- Binder for friction materials
- Binder for carbon resistant membrane
- Reinforcement of rubber
- PVC sol sealant
- Molding compounds
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Resol type
(PR series) |
- Varnish for paper-phenol laminated circuit
- Conductive paint
- Heat resistance paint
- Corrosion resistance adhesion
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Polyol type
(K series) |
- Urethane flooring
- Tackifier of urethane adhesions
- Can coating
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Additional features of modified type
| Alkyl features of modified type |
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Metallic color ink |
: metal dispersion, lifting, gloss |
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Paint |
: corrosion resistance |
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Tackifier of urethane adhesion |
: moisture resistance, heat resistance |
| Novolak type |
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Binder for frictional material |
: heat resistance |
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Binder for carbon resistant membrane |
: moisture resistance |
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Reinforcement of rubber |
: heat and moisture resistance |
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PVC sol sealant |
: heat and moisture resistance |
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Molding compounds |
: heat and moisture resistance
electrical constant insulation |
| Resol type |
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Varnish of paper laminated circuit |
: heat and moisture resistance, preventing warpage, electrical insulation |
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Conductive paint |
: moisture resistance, leveling, antifoaming |
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Heat resistance paint |
: heat and moisture resistance, leveling |
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Corrosion resistance adhesion |
: heat and corrosion resistance |
| Polyol type |
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Urethane flooring material |
: moisture and corrosion resistance, leveling, antifoaming |
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Tackifier of urethane adhesive |
: moisture and corrosion resistance, initial adhesion |
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Can coating |
: processability, adhesion, corrosion resistance |
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Grade and properties of NIKANOL
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Grade and properties of straight type
| Grade |
Average
molecular
weight |
Oxygen
content
(%) |
Gardner
color |
Specific
Gravity
(20°C) |
Viscosity (mPa • s) |
Net
Weight
(Kg) |
Flash Point
(°C)
(open cup) |
| 25°C |
75°C |
*Indirect
20°C |
| Y-50 |
240 |
16 |
<1 |
1.019 |
50 |
- |
- |
180 (drum)
17 (pail) |
116 |
| Y-1000 |
290 |
11 |
<1 |
1.045 |
1000 |
- |
- |
164 |
| LLL |
340 |
7 |
<1 |
1.023 |
2500 |
43 |
40 |
200 (drum)
18 (pail) |
163 |
| LL |
365 |
9 |
<1 |
1.055 |
4700 |
60 |
60 |
154 |
| L |
400 |
9 |
<1 |
1.059 |
12600 |
98 |
100 |
169 |
| H |
480 |
10 |
<1 |
1.074 |
- |
630 |
300 |
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| HH |
550 |
10 |
<1 |
1.084 |
- |
913 |
400 |
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| G |
570 |
15 |
<2 |
1.107 |
- |
993 |
450 |
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| M |
410 |
12 |
<1 |
1.044 |
73500 |
300 |
150 |
140 |
| H-80** |
(465) |
(10) |
<1 |
1.025 |
200 |
- |
- |
20 |
*Indirect viscosity measured at 20°C
Resin 80% toluene solution
H-80** : Resin 80% toluene solution
( ) : Value of 100% resin
| Grade |
Specific heat |
Refractive
Index |
Tan  |
Dielectric constant |
Volume
resistivity |
| Cal/deg•g |
25°C |
110Hz 23°C |
1Mz 23°C |
110Hz 23°C |
1Mz 23°C |
Ohm-cm 30°C |
| Y-50 |
0.42 |
1.57 |
1.6x10-3 |
3.3x10-3 |
3.50 |
3.10 |
2.0x1014 |
| L |
0.42 |
1.57 |
2.0x10-3 |
4.8x10-3 |
3.53 |
3.27 |
1.1x1014 |
| H |
0.47 |
1.58 |
1.5x10-3 |
3.3x10-3 |
3.50 |
3.07 |
2.1x1014 |
| G |
0.48 |
1.57 |
2.8x10-3 |
3.3x10-3 |
3.93 |
3.49 |
2.1x1014 |
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| Grade and Properties of modified type
Alkyl phenol modified type (HP series)
| Grade |
Average
molecular
weight |
Appearance |
Gardner
color |
OH Value
(mgKOH/g) |
Softening point
(R&B °C) |
Net
weight
(Kg) |
Etc |
HP-70
HP-210
HP-100
HP-120
HP-150
GHP-160 |
1,000
1,000
1,200
1,300
1,400
1,500 |
Light
brown
flake |
<8
<10
<8
<10
<8
<8 |
115
175
160
165
180
220 |
80
100
110
130
150
160 |
25 |
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| HP-30 |
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Brown
varnish |
- |
- |
400
(viscosity)* |
200/18 |
Resin content
70-80% *2 |
(viscosity)* : 20°C measured
Resin content *2 : 1g sample 3hrs/105°C
Novolak type (NP•P series)
| Grade |
Hexamine
(phr) |
Appearance |
OH Value
(mgKOH/g) |
Melting point
(°C) |
Gel time
(sec/150°C) |
Net weight
(Kg) |
NP-100
NP-140
GP-212 |
10
10
12 |
Light
brown
powder |
-
-
- |
75
78
83 |
150
60
200 |
20 |
P-100
GP-200 |
-
- |
Light brown
flake |
168
153 |
70
78 |
-
- |
25 |
Resol Type (PR series)
| Grade |
Description |
Appearance |
Gel time
(sec/150°C) |
Viscosity
(mPa • s/20°C) |
Net weight
(Kg) |
Flash Point/
(°C) |
PR-1440M
PR-1440
PR-1540
GRL |
Methanol
n-Butanol/Xylene
Methanol
Methanol/Xylene |
Clear
Brown
Varnish |
75
200
115
130 |
125
200
1000
125 |
17 |
6.7
28.3
27.0
11.5 |
| 18 |
Polyol type (K series)
| Grade |
Average
molecular
weight |
Appearance |
Gardner
color |
OH Value
(mgKOH/g) |
Viscosity
(mPa • s/20°C) |
Net weight
(Kg) |
Etc |
K-100
K-140
K-140P |
500
800
- |
Clear
Liquid |
<2
<4
- |
110
290
220 |
340
1000
500 |
200
18 |
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| E |
- |
Varnish |
<10 |
- |
Z3~Z6 *3 |
180/17 |
Resin content
63%*2 |
Resin content *2 : 1g sample 3hrs/105°C
Z3~Z6 *3 : Gardner holt viscosity
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Compatibility and solubility of Nikanol
Compatibility with various resins
| Alkyd resins |
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Terpene resins |
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| Oil modified alkyd resins |
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Polybutene |
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| Asphalt, coal tar |
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Liquid NBR |
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| Chlorinated rubber |
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Waxes |
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| Cyclized rubber |
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Polystyren |
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| Chloronated polypropylene |
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Styrenic CO-polymers |
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| Chlorinated polyethylene |
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Epoxy resins |
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| Rosin |
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Polyamide resins |
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| Modified rosins |
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PVC plastcizers |
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| Vegetable oils |
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Acrylic polymers |
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| Petroleum resins |
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Acrylic co-polymers |
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| Polyethylene |
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Nitrocellulose |
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| Polypropylene |
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Benzyl cellulose |
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| Phenolic resin |
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Ethyl cellulose |
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| Modified phenolic resins |
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| Polyvinyl acetate |
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| polyvinyl chloride |
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| :Compatible :Partially compatible :Incompatible |
Test Method:
Nikanol-L 3g and resins 7g are put into a test tube and heated and mixed..
Then this mixture is spread on glass
We judged by appearance compatible or partially compatible or incompatible. |
Solubility with solvents
| Solvents |
Y-50 |
L |
H |
G |
HP-100 |
GHP-160 |
K-100 |
n-Hexane
Cyclohexane
Benzene
Toluene
Xylene
Styrene
Mineral terpene |
S
S
S
S
S
S
S |
S
S
S
S
S
S
S |
S
S
S
S
S
S
S |
I
S
S
S
S
S
S |
S
S
S
S
S
S
S |
H
S
S
S
S
S
S |
H
S
S
S
S
S
S |
Chloroform
Carbon tetrachloride
Monochloro benzne |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
Ethyl ether
Dioxane
THF |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
Acetone
MEK
MIBK |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
Ethyl formate
Methyl acetate
Ethyl acetate
DOP•DBP |
S
S
S
S |
S
S
S
S |
S
S
S
S |
S
S
S
S |
S
S
S
S |
S
S
S
S |
S
S
S
S |
Methanol
Isopropanol
n-propanol
Isobutanol
n-Butanol
Ethylene glycol
Phenol |
I
S
S
S
S
I
S |
I
I
I
S
S
I
S |
I
I
I
S
S
I
S |
I
I
I
S
S
I
S |
I
I
S
I
S
I
S |
I
H
S
H
S
H
S |
I
S
S
S
S
I
S |
Acetic acid
Formic acid |
S
I |
S
I |
S
I |
S
I |
I
I |
H
I |
S
I |
DMF
Pyridine
Aniline |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S
S
S |
S: Soluble
H: Soluble becomes turbid
I: Insoluble |
Test Method:
Nikanol 1g and solvent 1g are put into test tube and mixed, then the solution was let to stand for one night.
We judged by appearance to be soluble or insoluble |
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Viscosity of straight type
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Analysis and estimated molecular structures of straight type
Composition analysis of straight type |
Straight type were analyzed with 13C-NMR and titration. As a result of analysis the bonding form of formaldehyde and thier ratio were estimated. We named the bonding groups which are combined each xylene unit with formaldehyde and end groups which are combined xylene unit with formaldehyde.
Composition and reactive-group equivalent and average number of nuclear unit and average molecular weight of typical grade are listed. |
Composition analysis of straight type
| Grade |
Y-50 |
L |
H |
G |
M |
| Functional group |
Number/Mol |
Bonding
Groups |
-CH2-
-CH2OCH2-
-CH2OCH2OCH2-
-CH2O(CH2O)2CH2- |
0.7532
1.1082
0.2462
0.134 |
1.172
0.142
0.422
0.19 |
1.832
0.152
0.632
0.31 |
1.472
0.142
0.412
0.59 |
0.322
0.292
0.382
0.13 |
| Total |
1.241 |
1.92 |
2.92 |
2.61 |
1.12 |
End
Groups |
-CH2OH
-CH2OCH3
-CH2OCH2OCH3
-CH2O(CH2O)2CH3
-CH2OOCH |
0.2282
0.6162
0.2462
0.1342
0 |
0.242
0.222
0.132
02
0.05 |
0.332
0.292
0.162
02
0.04 |
0.262
0.502
0.462
0.432
0 |
0.312
0.372
0.222
02
0 |
| Total |
1.225 |
0.64 |
0.82 |
1.65 |
0.90 |
| Reactive-group equivalent |
95 |
103 |
96 |
62 |
84 |
| Average number or nuclear unit |
2.2 |
2.9 |
3.9 |
3.6 |
2.1 |
| Average molecular weight |
350 |
410 |
557 |
606 |
351 |
| Oxygen content (%) |
16 |
9 |
10 |
15 |
12 |
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| By analysis, 4 bonding groups and 5 end groups exist in NIKANOL. Such groups are composed with formaldehyde and combines xylene units.
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Molecular structures of straight type
Molecular structures based on chemical analysis are as follows |
| Nikanol Y-50
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
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| Nikanol H
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
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| Nikanol G
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
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Reactivity of straight types
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| The methylol group, methoxymethyl group, dimethlene ether group and acetal groups in straight type have higher reactivities compared with aliphatic alcohols or ether groups, and react easily with a various compounds having active hydrogens in presence of acid catalyst.
Reaction with Phenols
Straight type react with phenols or novolak type resins in the presence of organic sulfonic acid with 0.1% or less concentration.
In all case the straight type resins react with phenols via dimethylbenzyle cation
The novolak resins thus obtained can be transformed into three dimensional structure through curing by hexamine
On the other hand their transformation into resol type structure produces thermosetting resins
However, when a bifunctional phenol such as p-tert-butylphenol is employed, the reaction to transform resins into three-dimentional structure does not occur.
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Reaction with Amines
Straight type reacts with amines to form resins as in the reaction between formaldehyde and aniline
Reaction with Carboxcylic Acids
The methylol group, methoxymethylgroup and acetal groups in straight type react with carboxylic acids to give ester compounds. Unsaturated polyester resins can be obtained either by the reaction of straight type resins with dibasic acids such as maleic anhydride, or by the formation of unsaturated alkyds from unsaturated dibasic acids and glycols and their subsequent reaction with straight type, and by disolving these reaction products into polymerizable monomers such as styrene.
Reaction with Alcohols
Alcohols and glycols react with straight type resins in the presence of small amounts of acid catalysts to form ether compounds.
Reaction with Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Straight type reacts with aromatic hydrocarbons such as anthracene and mesitylene in the presence of acid catalyst to form polymeric hydrocarbon resins.
Others
Compounds containing active hydrogens are capable of reacting with straight type. Isocyanates, alcohols, unsaturated compounds such as drying oil, unsaturated fatty acids and terpens, aromatic amines, epoxides etc. |
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